Exploring adoption effects of subsidies and soil fertility management in Malawi

Farm input subsidies and integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) technologies are popular policy interventions in sub-Saharan Africa, often with the stated goals of increasing crop yields incomes while reducing hunger poverty. However, little is known about combined adoption effects ISFM on farm productivity household nutrition developing countries. Using a decade nationally representative panel data from Malawi, we analyse joint smallholder welfare. We use multivariate probit, dynamic random multinomial endogenous treatment models to account for selection bias endogeneity originating both observed unobserved heterogeneity. find that participation subsidy programme strongly associated 15–29 percentage point increase probabilities three technologies: conservation agriculture, water conservation, organic fertiliser. Furthermore, increased income micronutrient consumption by at least 12%. Our findings suggest among potential strategies address low nutritional insecurity through improvements health.